Micronutrients

Boron is essential for cell wall formation and rapid growing points within the plant, such as reproductive structures. It is required for carbohydrate transport in plants; it also assists in metabolic regulation. Boron deficiency often results in bud dieback. Boron deficiencies are more pronounced during drought periods when root activity is restricted.

Copper

It is a key component of enzymes. Symptoms of copper deficiency include browning of leaf tips and chlorosis. Copper (Cu) activates enzymes and catalyses reactions in several plant-growth processes. It helps in the synthesis of Vitamin A and protein. Copper is required for chlorophyll formation in plants and catalyses several other plant reactions.

Iron

It is essential for chlorophyll synthesis, which is why an iron deficiency results in chlorosis. Most Fe fertilizer sources work best applied as foliar sprays.

Manganese

It activates several important metabolic reactions and plays a direct role in photosynthesis. Soybeans and wheat require more Mn than many crops. Manganese deficiencies are most common in high organic matter soils and in those soils with naturally low Mn content and neutral to alkaline pH.

Molybdenum

It is essential for plant health. Molybdenum is used by plants to reduce nitrates into usable
forms. Plants use it for nitrogen fixation, thus it is required to be added to some soils before seeding legumes. Molybdenum is vital for the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobia bacteria in legume root modules.

Zinc

It participates in chlorophyll formation and also activates many enzymes. Symptoms of zinc
deficiency include chlorosis and stunted growth. It was one of the first micronutrients recognized as essential for plants and the one most commonly limiting yields.